In its simplest form, the electric grid is an enormous, just-in-time supply system where the electricity generated at power plants is immediately used by the loads that are connected to it. Electricity generation and consumption need to be carefully matched at all times, as mismatches appear as voltage and/or frequency deviations, which can cause power outages and damage to equipment.

The focus of this paper is to review the use of batteries for energy storage and to describe the various battery chemistries being used. Among the topics covered in this 23-page white paper include:

  • Grid Application of Energy Storage
  • Grid Opportunities for ESS
  • Overview of Large Battery ESS Systems in Operation
  • Battery Systems for Grid Level Energy Storage

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